GARMENTS

সোমবার, ৯ মে, ২০১১

Spacer ,The flyer , Pressure Arm,Winding principle

As the top apron are forced by spring pressure against the lower apron, the arrangement of this apron should permit precise adoption of minimum distance to fibre volume. In order to be able to maintain this minimum distance, spacer are replace ably inserted between the nose bar of the lower apron and the cradle edge of top apron. Spacer size is 4 to 7 mm in accordance with roving hank.

The flyer:

cate maximum height and second no. indicate maFlyer is used to impart twist

•Flyer has two legs, one with hollow path or slot and pressure arm another for balancing the flyer while rotating.

•Flyer is placed on spindle, it gets motion by gearing.

•Flyer speed has direct influence on production.

•Flyer can be varying in sizes which are specified in inch. For example, 12”X 5.5”, 12”X6” and 14”X6”. First no. indi

ximum dia of wound package.

Pressure Arm:

•A steel yoke attached to the lower end of hollow flyer leg is called pressure arm.

•The roving is wrapped 2 or 3 times around the yoke.

•The no. of turn determine the roving tension. For higher tension, a hard compact package is obtained and if it is too high false draft or roving breakage can be caused.

•Therefore, the no. of wrap depends upon material and twist level.

Winding Principle:

•Bobbin leading principle (For cotton spinning)

Flyer leading principle (For jute spinning)

Bobbin leading Principle:

•Bobbin speed is higher than flyer speed at all point of winding.

•The winding on speed is constant throughout the process.

•With the increase of bobbin dia, bobbin speed must be decreased.

•The variation of bobbin speed with the increase of bobbin dia must be constant.

•Less tension on roving.

Flyer Leading Principle:

•Flyer speed is higher than bobbin speed at all point of winding.

•The winding on speed is constant throughout the process.

•With the increase of bobbin dia, bobbin speed must be increased.

•The variation of bobbin speed with the increase of bobbin dia must be constant.

•Higher tension on roving.

Apron

The upper aprons are short and made either of leather or more commonly of synthetic rubbers. They have a thickness of about 1 mm and are held by tensioning device.

The lower aprons are longer and usually made of leather. They run over the guid+ bar, usually known as nose bar, to position close to the delivery roller.

Function:

The aprons co-operated with each other t guide and transports the fibers during drafting and they exert a very significant influence on the drafting operations.

Applying pressure to the top roller:

The top roller must be pressed with relatively high force against the lower rollers to ensure the guidance of fiber.

Pressure are in the range of 100 to 250 N per roller which may vary as per raw material and its volume.

Pressure is applied by spring pressure, pneumatic weighting, magnetic weighting.

Condenser:

Feature:

•Condensers are mounted on a reciprocating bar behind the drafting arrangement.

•The second condenser is provided in break draft field.

•And the 3rd one is located in main draft field.

Function:

•Spreading sliver masses are condensed to improve evenness and lead to drafting zone.

Advantage:

•Reduce the high fly level and hairiness of roving.

Stenter machine (Monfort)

Sizing

Sizing are two type
1.warp sizing
2.fabric sizing

warp sizing:

Objectives

To improve the weavability of the warp yarns and to over come inherent deficiencies of the yarns

To hold the individual fiber of yarns together so it withstand stress and strain

Sizing is a process:

Of applying a film forming polymer to the warp yarn

To provide temporary protection to the warp yarns from abrasive and other types of stresses generated on the weaving machines

To reduce warp breakages

Agent &process

The agent of this process is commonly starch and other additives such as sizing greases, waxes, paraffins, antistatic agents, etc, but they have defied problems at the desizing process

The sizing process lasted different time (3,5 and 10 min) bath ratio 1 : 20 and solution temperature 20 and 60°C

Sizing Machine

What sizing should do?

it should:

•Improve tensile strength and abrasion resistance of the yarn

• Reduce the hairiness of the yarns

• Reduce the generation of static charge when polyester- blend- yarns is used

• Improve over all efficiency of the weaving process

Sizing method:

•Hank sizing method

•Single ends sizing method

•Slasher sizing method

Fabric sizing process:

fNansvole fabric

§Corn starch 2 g/l

§Tapioca starch 2 g/l

§Wetting agent 8 g/l

Shirts fabric

§Dextrin 4 g/l

§Corn starch 3 g/l

§Tapioca starch 3 g/l

§Tallow 5 g/l

Drill

§Corn starch 60 g/l

§TRO 10 g/l

Voille fabric

§Dextrine 4 %

§TRO 0,4 %

sizing machine:

Benninger sizing machine

Slot Sizing Machine:

Resin finish

objective:

After dyeing, finishing process is usually given to improve their quality and value

There are processing to improve handles (like stiff, bulky,crush resistance, softening sinishing), anti static, water and oil repellent, permanen press and soil release finishing, etc